LoRa-Based Long-Range Defence Sensor Network for Remote Perimeter Monitoring and Intrusion Detection

This review examines a low-cost wireless sensor network built on LoRa radio, using ESP32 or Arduino microcontrollers and sensors such as PIR, magnetic contact, and vibration detectors to monitor remote perimeters and report intrusions to a central station. The authors survey the system architecture, communication principles, and practical challenges, including interference, packet loss, security, scalability, and power management. They conclude that LoRa-based networks are a promising option for non-weaponized perimeter monitoring, provided reliability, cybersecurity, and regulatory requirements are addressed.